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1.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 65(5): 294-297, mayo 2018. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-177067

RESUMO

La transposición de las grandes arterias (D-TGA) es una de las cardiopatías congénitas más comunes que requieren una intervención quirúrgica en la etapa neonatal. En neonatos muy afectados por una D-TGA, la hipoxemia, la acidemia y la insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva secundaria se mejora a menudo con una atrioseptostomía con balón (ASB). Los métodos actuales empleados para evaluar el aporte y el consumo de oxígeno tisular, con frecuencia no son específicos. La espectroscopia cercana al infrarrojo o near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) permite una medición continua no invasiva de la oxigenación tisular, reflejando el estado de la perfusión tisular en tiempo real. Debido a que se sabe poco sobre el efecto directo de la ASB en el cerebro neonatal y en la oxigenación cerebral de los mismos, nosotros medimos la eficacia de la ASB en 2 pacientes con D-TGA utilizando el NIRS antes y después de la ASB. Concluimos que la ASB mejora la saturación cerebral de oxígeno en neonatos con D-TGA


Transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases requiring neonatal surgical intervention. In the desperately ill neonate with TGA and the resultant hypoxaemia, acidemia, and congestive heart failure, improvement is often obtained with balloon atrial septostomy (BAS). Current methods employed to evaluate oxygen delivery and tissue consumption are frequently nonspecific. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allows a continuous non-invasive measurement of tissue oxygenation which reflects perfusion status in real time. Because little is known about the direct effect of BAS on the neonatal brain and on cerebral oxygenation, we measured the effectiveness of BAS in two patients with D-TGA using NIRS before and after BAS. We concluded BAS improves cerebral oxygen saturation in neonates with D-TGA


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Oximetria/métodos , Transposição dos Grandes Vasos/complicações , Hipóxia Encefálica/fisiopatologia , Angioplastia com Balão/métodos , Monitorização Fisiológica , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao Infravermelho/métodos
2.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 107(2): 125-132, mar. 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-150575

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES: Los problemas dermatológicos constituyen uno de los motivos de consulta más frecuentes en atención primaria. En los últimos años, como consecuencia de la adaptación al espacio europeo de educación superior, en muchos planes de estudios se ha reducido el tiempo destinado al aprendizaje de la dermatología. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Para consensuar los contenidos básicos del programa de dermatología en el pregrado, se remitió electrónicamente una encuesta a los 57 miembros de grupo de profesores de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología para establecer cuáles deberían ser los objetivos de aprendizaje de la asignatura en España. Se incluyeron 131 objetivos previamente seleccionados, buscándose un consenso mediante el método Delphi sobre los objetivos importantes o muy importantes (puntuación ≥ 4). RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron 19 respuestas (33%). Tras una segunda ronda de consenso 68 objetivos alcanzaron una puntuación≥4 de promedio en la escala de Likert. Destacan que los graduados conozcan la estructura y las funciones de la piel, las infecciones bacterianas, víricas, micóticas y de transmisión sexual frecuentes, las 4 principales dermatosis inflamatorias, algunos problemas comunes como el prurito y la alopecia en placas, el manejo de dermatosis urgentes, la púrpura y el eritema nudoso como signos de enfermedad interna y reconocer algunos tumores cutáneos benignos y el cáncer de piel, así como la prevención de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual y del cáncer cutáneo. Además, durante las prácticas clínicas, deberían adquirir las habilidades de comunicación necesarias para realizar una entrevista y redactar una historia clínica dermatológica y una hoja de derivación. Conclusiones; Se definen los contenidos considerados fundamentales para impartir en las facultades de medicina y recomendados por el grupo de profesores y docentes de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología


BACKGROUND: Skin problems are among the most frequent reasons for seeking medical attention in primary care. In recent years, as a result of the process of adapting medical curricula to the requirements of the European Higher Education Area, the amount of time students spend learning the concepts of dermatology has been reduced in many universities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In order to reach a consensus on core content for undergraduate education in dermatology, we sent a survey to the 57 members of the instructors' group of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV), asking their opinions on what objectives should be set for a dermatology course in Spain. A total of 131 previously selected objectives were listed. We then applied the Delphi method to achieve consensus on which ones the respondents considered important or very important (score ≥ 4 on a Likert scale). RESULTS: Nineteen responses (33%) were received. On the second round of the Delphi process, 68 objectives achieved average scores of at least 4. The respondents emphasized that graduates should understand the structure and functions of the skin and know about bacterial, viral, and fungal skin infections, the most common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and the 4 main inflammatory dermatoses. Students should also learn about common complaints, such as itching and bald patches; the management of dermatologic emergencies; purpura and erythema nodosum as signs of internal disease; and the prevention of STDs and skin cancer. During clinical clerkships students should acquire the communication skills they will need to interview patients, write up a patient's medical history, and refer the patient to a specialist. CONCLUSIONS: The AEDV's group of instructors have defined their recommendations on the core content that medical faculties should adopt for the undergraduate subject of dermatology in Spain


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Dermatologia/educação , Dermatologia/tendências , Educação Médica/métodos , Avaliação Educacional/métodos , Estudantes de Medicina , Docentes de Medicina , Coleta de Dados/instrumentação , Coleta de Dados/métodos , Espanha
3.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 105(1): 31-44, ene.-feb. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-129402

RESUMO

La obesidad, en particular la abdominal, se considera en la actualidad como un proceso inflamatorio crónico de bajo grado que participa de forma activa en el desarrollo de los fenómenos fisiopatológicos responsables del síndrome metabólico y la morbilidad cardiovascular a través de la secreción de adipocinas y citocinas proinflamatorias. En los últimos años se ha establecido un vínculo firme entre psoriasis y obesidad que abarca aspectos genéticos, patogénicos y epidemiológicos, con importantes repercusiones en la salud del individuo. Es probable una relación bidireccional, en la que la obesidad predispone a la psoriasis, pero también la psoriasis favorece la obesidad. La obesidad tiene también importantes implicaciones terapéuticas, como el mayor riesgo de efectos adversos en el caso de los fármacos sistémicos convencionales y la disminución de la eficacia y/o el incremento del coste en el caso de los fármacos biológicos, que hace recomendable ajustar la dosis al peso del paciente


Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, is currently considered a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition that plays an active role in the development of the pathophysiologic phenomena responsible for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease through the secretion of proinflammatory adipokines and cytokines. In recent years clear genetic, pathogenic, and epidemiologic links have been established between psoriasis and obesity, with important implications for health. The relationship between the 2 conditions is probably bidirectional, with obesity predisposing to psoriasis and psoriasis favoring obesity. Obesity also has important implications in the treatment of psoriasis, such as a greater risk of adverse effects with conventional systemic drugs and reduced efficacy and/or increased cost with biologic agents, for which dosage should be adjusted to the patient's weight


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/patologia , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Obesidade/terapia , Psoríase/complicações , Psoríase/patologia , Psoríase/fisiopatologia , Psoríase/terapia , Adipocinas/fisiologia , Metotrexato/administração & dosagem , Metotrexato/efeitos adversos , Ciclosporina/administração & dosagem
4.
Ann Dermatol Venereol ; 139(11): 701-9, 2012 Nov.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23199765

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Official rules published in 2006 and 2010 concerning ambulatory care rates in France led to artificial redistribution of this activity from day-care hospitalization to consultations. In our dermatological day-care establishment, we compared the financial costs engendered for patients admitted for day-care hospitalization and those seen at consultations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 2011/01/10 to 2011/02/04, for each patient, we prospectively analyzed the following data: day-care hospitalization or consultation, age, sex, diagnosis, laboratory and radiological examination, non-dermatological consultations, time spent with the patient by doctors (interns, senior doctors) and nurses, with timing by a stop-watch. The hospital cost was the total for medical examinations (official nomenclature), non-dermatological consultations, physicians' and nurses' salaries and establishment overheads (216 €). The hospital revenue regarding the consultation group consisted of the sum of reimbursement for medical examination, dermatological and non-dermatological consultations, and regarding the day-care hospitalization group, the dermatology rate (670 €) or chemotherapy sessions (380 €). Results were compared using a Chi(2) test and a Student's t-test (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-seven patients were included: 67 in the day-care hospitalization group and 60 in the consultation group. Patients in the day-care hospitalization group were older and had significantly more radiological examinations and non-dermatological consultations, but the number of laboratory examinations and skin biopsies did not differ between the two groups. The mean time spent by doctors was similar in both groups but the time spent by senior doctors without the help of interns was significantly greater and longer than the time for a standard consultation. Nurses spent a mean 72 minutes with each hospitalized patient and 35 minutes with consultation patients (P = 0.007). Hospital costs were identical in both groups at around 415 €. The hospital showed a profit for day-care hospitalization patients (252 €) and a loss (244 €) for consultation patients. DISCUSSION: Half of the patients studied were in day-care hospitalization and half were seen in consultations. The high number of bed-ridden patients with bullous pemphigoid accounts for the fact that day-care patients were older. The reasons for the significantly longer time spent by nurses with day-care hospitalized patients were administration and supervision of chemotherapy, skin care and nursing of bed-ridden patients. However, nurses spent 35 min with each consultation patient, justifying the need to maintain the posts of these staff in such day-care units. The availability of physicians for patients with severe dermatoses and the organization of medical examinations in the same place in the same day underscore the need for medical structures like day-care hospitalization. At present, time spent on intellectual work involving reflection is regrettably not taken into account, which is detrimental to this specialty. The hospital was in profit for day hospitalizations while consultations resulted in losses, in particular because of the absence of social security reimbursement of the establishment's overheads. CONCLUSION: Rules are in need of modification in order to allow the treatment of patients with more complicated conditions.


Assuntos
Hospital Dia/economia , Hospital Dia/organização & administração , Dermatologia/economia , Dermatologia/organização & administração , Departamentos Hospitalares/economia , Departamentos Hospitalares/organização & administração , Ambulatório Hospitalar/economia , Ambulatório Hospitalar/organização & administração , Dermatopatias/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Análise Custo-Benefício , Feminino , França , Preços Hospitalares/organização & administração , Preços Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Custos Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Universitários/economia , Hospitais Universitários/organização & administração , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/economia , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/economia , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Métodos de Controle de Pagamentos/organização & administração , Encaminhamento e Consulta/economia , Encaminhamento e Consulta/organização & administração , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias/economia
5.
Med. cután. ibero-lat.-am ; 39(4): 187-189, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-94538

RESUMO

La enfermedad de Darier segmentaria es una variante rara de esta patológica. Se caracteriza por una (..) (AU)


Segmental Darier disease is an unusual form of this condition. It is characterized by the localized (..) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Doença de Darier/diagnóstico , Verrugas/diagnóstico , Ácido Láctico/uso terapêutico , Predisposição Genética para Doença
6.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 32(2): 41-63, abr.-jun. 2010. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-81831

RESUMO

Objetivo: El objetivo de la I Conferencia Española de Consenso sobre el Injerto Óseo Sinusal era intentar llegar a puntos de acuerdo sobre las principales controversias de esta técnica, aplicada de forma muy variada y con el empleo de materiales muy diversos, y conseguir plasmar los mismos en un documento resumen consensuado por todos los autores. Material y método: Durante los días 17 y 18 de octubre de 2008 se celebró en Oviedo la citada conferencia, auspiciada por la Sociedad Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial. En ella se dieron cita un total de 50 ponentes de reconocido prestigio nacional e internacional que repasaron en 6 mesas de trabajo las principales controversias sobre los injertos óseos sinusales. Tras las conferencias de los ponentes, los moderadores establecían las principales conclusiones de cada mesa y se abría un turno de debate donde participaban todos los asistentes. Resultado: Este documento y sus conclusiones emanan de las presentaciones realizadas por los ponentes y de las deliberaciones y acuerdos de cada mesa de trabajo. Ambos han sido aprobados tras varias correcciones por todos los autores antes de ser enviados para su publicación. Además, han obtenido el reconocimiento científico oficial de la Sociedad Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial y deben servir como base para futuros estudios y reuniones científicas. Conclusiones: El objetivo fundamental cuando se realiza un injerto óseo sinusal es la formación de hueso vital en el seno maxilar, para conseguir la supervivencia a largo plazo de los implantes tras su carga protésica. Para ello, la técnica y la secuencia de tratamiento deben orientarse a conseguir resultados predecibles y estables en el tiempo, aunque esto suponga un mayor tiempo de espera hasta la colocación de la prótesis. La estabilidad inicial del implante es el factor clave para la osteointegración y debe ser el principal criterio para indicar implantes simultáneos o diferidos en el seno maxilar(AU)


Objective: The objectives of the first Spanish Consensus Conference on Sinus Bone Graft were trying to reach agreements points on the major controversies of this technique, and translate them in a summary document. Material and method: During the 17th and 18th of October of 2008 took place in Oviedo (Spain) the Conference, sponsored by the Spanish Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. There, 50 national and international speakers reviewed in 6 workshops the major controversies of sinus bone grafts. Following the conferences, the moderators proposed the main conclusions of each workshop and opened a round of discussion where all attendees participated. Results: This document and its conclusions emanate from the presentations made by the speakers and the discussions and agreements of each workshop. Both have been approved after several corrections by all authors before being submitted for publication. They have also obtained the official scientific recognition of the Spanish Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and should serve as a basis for future scientific studies and meetings. Conclusions: The main objective when we perform a sinus bone graft is vital bone formation in the maxillary sinus, to achieve long-term survival of the implants after prosthetic loading. To do this, the technique and sequence of treatment should aim to achieve predictable and stable results over time, although this involves a longer waiting time. The initial implant stability is the key factor for osseointegration and should be the main criterion to indicate simultaneous or delayed implants in the maxillary sinus(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Transplante Ósseo/instrumentação , Seio Maxilar/anormalidades , Seio Maxilar/patologia , Seio Maxilar , Prótese Maxilofacial/tendências , Cirurgia Bucal/métodos , Implante de Prótese Maxilofacial/métodos , Próteses e Implantes/tendências , Sinusite/prevenção & controle , Sinusite/terapia , Transplante Ósseo/tendências , Próteses e Implantes , Cirurgia Bucal/tendências , Implante de Prótese Maxilofacial/tendências , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Transplante Ósseo , Transplante Ósseo , Seio Maxilar/fisiopatologia
7.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 101(2): 156-163, mar. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-78493

RESUMO

Introducción: La terapia biológica ha representado un avance muy importante en el tratamiento de la psoriasis, al tratarse de una generación de fármacos más selectivos y con mejor perfil de seguridad a corto y medio plazo. Existen datos sólidos a favor de la eficacia de cada uno de estos fármacos, así como de su seguridad. A pesar de ello, siempre es útil aportar la experiencia clínica de dermatólogos expertos en el tratamiento de la psoriasis con biológicos, en especial en lo referente a su seguridad. Material y métodos: Se realizó una encuesta a los miembros del Grupo Español de Psoriasis (GEP) basada en una serie de ítems relativos a aspectos referentes a la seguridad clínica de estos fármacos, cuyos resultados se presentan en este artículo. Un total de 988 pacientes tratados con efalizumab, etanercept, infliximab y adalimumab fueron recogidos por parte de 15 miembros del GEP. Resultados: Entre los resultados obtenidos destaca la elevada proporción de reacciones a infliximab (34%). Se observaron alteraciones analíticas en el 13,25% de los pacientes e infecciones en el 12,24%, con un único caso de tuberculosis pulmonar. Es de destacar el perfil de efectos secundarios de efalizumab: artritis de novo en el 5,8% y rebote en el 20,9%. Conclusión: Los datos de seguridad aportados por nuestro trabajo deben tenerse en consideración, habida cuenta del importante número de pacientes reclutados por un grupo de dermatólogos expertos en el manejo de este tipo de fármacos (AU)


Background: Biologic therapies have been a major breakthrough in the treatment of psoriasis because they are more selective and have a better short-term and medium-term safety profile. There are reliable data to support both the efficacy and the safety of these drugs. However, it is always useful to report the clinical experience of dermatologists who are experts in the use of biologic agents to treat psoriasis, particularly with regard to their safety. Material and Methods: We present the results of a survey administered to the members of Spanish Psoriasis Group and based on a series of questions referring to the clinical safety of these agents. A total of 988 patients treated with efalizumab, infliximab, etanercept, and adalimumab were reported by 15 members of the group. Results: There was a particularly high proportion of reactions (34%) to infliximab infusions. Blood test abnormalities were detected in 13.25% of patients and infections in 12.24%, with one case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Attention is drawn to the adverse effects profile of efalizumab: de novo arthritis in 5.8% and rebound in 20.9% of patients. Conclusion: The safety data provided by our study should be taken into account in view of the large number of patients recruited by dermatologists experienced in the use of this type of therapy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Terapia Biológica/tendências , Terapia Biológica , Psoríase/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Produtos para o Consumidor/normas , Espanha/epidemiologia , Enquete Socioeconômica , Terapia Biológica/efeitos adversos , Leucocitose/terapia , Doenças Desmielinizantes/complicações , Insuficiência Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Doenças Autoimunes/epidemiologia
9.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 100(5): 386-413, jun.-jul. 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60348

RESUMO

La psoriasis vulgar es una enfermedad cutánea inflamatoria, de curso habitualmente crónico, que afecta a un 1-2 % de la población en los países occidentales industrializados, y produce una reducción marcada de la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Pese a la diversidad de tratamientos disponibles, las encuestas efectuadas antes del advenimiento de los agentes biológicos demuestran un alto grado de insatisfacción con respecto a los tratamientos disponibles. Se ha acumulado abundante evidencia científica con respecto a la eficacia y seguridad de los agentes biológicos, que ha llevado a revisar el papel del tratamiento sistémico en general y ha permitido contemplar nuevos objetivos y estrategias terapéuticas en los pacientes con psoriasis moderada a grave. En este contexto nuevo se hace necesario establecer, de forma consensuada por especialistas expertos y ratificada por los integrantes del Grupo Español de Psoriasis de la Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología (AEDV), unas directrices para el tratamiento de la psoriasis moderada a grave con agentes biológicos, que incluyan información basada en la evidencia científica disponible acerca de las características farmacológicas, mecanismo de acción, vía y pautas de administración, eficacia, contraindicaciones, efectos adversos y estimaciones del coste de los agentes biológicos aprobados para el tratamiento de la psoriasis moderada a grave en España (AU)


Psoriasis vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disease that is generally chronic and that affects between1 % and 2 % of the population in industrialized Western countries. It is associated with a marked decline in quality of life. A wide range of treatments are currently available, although surveys conducted before the advent of biologic agents reflected a strong degree of dissatisfaction with the treatments then available. Extensive scientific evidence has been gathered on the safety of biologic agents, and this has led to a review of the role of systemic treatment in general and has allowed new therapeutic goals and strategies to be contemplated in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. In this new situation, there is a need for Spanish guidelines on the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis with biologic agents, drafted by consensus among specialists and ratified by the Spanish Psoriasis Group of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV).These guidelines should be evidence-based with regard to the pharmacologic characteristics, mechanism of action, administration route and regimen, efficacy, contraindications, adverse effects, and cost estimates of biologic agents approved for the treatment of moderate-to severe psoriasis in Spain (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Psoríase/terapia , Terapia Biológica/tendências , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/tendências , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Qualidade de Vida
10.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 100(4): 277-286, mayo 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-61797

RESUMO

El tratamiento de la psoriasis se ha visto revolucionado por la introducción de los agentes biológicos, que permiten obtener blanqueamientos y mejorías a largo plazo sin el riesgo de toxicidad que ha venido limitando el tratamiento de estos pacientes con agentes sistémicos clásicos. Se ha acumulado abundante evidencia científica con respecto a la eficacia y seguridad de los agentes biológicos, que ha llevado a revisar el papel del tratamiento sistémico en general y ha permitido establecer nuevos objetivos y estrategias terapéuticas en los pacientes con psoriasis moderada a grave. En este contexto nuevo se hace necesario establecer, de forma consensuada por especialistas expertos y basada en la evidencia científica disponible, criterios de gravedad que justifiquen la indicación de los diferentes tratamientos sistémicos actualmente disponibles para la psoriasis, así como objetivos terapéuticos y parámetros de eficacia, estrategias de tratamiento, cribaje de los pacientes y selección del tratamiento basada en criterios de beneficio/riesgo. El presente documento recoge el consenso del Grupo Español de Psoriasis en estos diferentes aspectos del manejo de la psoriasis moderada a grave (AU)


The treatment of psoriasis has been revolutionized by the introduction of biologic agents; these agents achieve skin clearance and long-term improvement without the risk of toxicity that has limited use of the classic systemic treatments. The role of systemic treatment in the management of psoriasis is being reviewed on the basis of a large volume of scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety of biologic agents, and new therapeutic goals and strategies are being devised for patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. This has led to the need to establish severity criteria that will provide the rationale for the indication of the different systemic agents currently available for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis, as well as therapeutic goals, efficacy measures, therapeutic strategies, screening protocols, and choice of treatment based on the risk-benefit ratio of the different agents. These criteria must be established through consensus by experienced dermatologists and based on available scientific evidence. The present document reflects the consensus of the Spanish Psoriasis Group on these different issues in the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Psoríase/diagnóstico , Psoríase/terapia , Sociedades Médicas/organização & administração , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Qualidade de Vida , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fototerapia/métodos , Sociedades Médicas/ética , Sociedades Médicas/legislação & jurisprudência , Espanha/epidemiologia , Dermatite Esfoliativa/complicações , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos
12.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 43(9): 526-530, 1 nov., 2006. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050652

RESUMO

Introducción. La epilepsia en niños con parálisis cerebral (PCI) constituye un problema de salud pública, con una prevalencia de 750/1.000. Objetivo. Describir la relación entre la etiología de parálisis cerebral y la lesión cerebral de base en el control de epilepsia. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo que incluyó a 398 pacientes de ambos géneros menores de 18 años, con diagnóstico de PCI. Para el análisis comparativo se incluyeron dos aspectos principales: la etiología de la PCI y la lesión cerebral de base mediante estudio tomográfico. La etiología se subdividió en: encefalopatía hipoxicoisquémica (EHI), malformación cerebral (MC) y otras causas (O). Las lesiones cerebrales se clasificaron en: lesión cerebral difusa (LCD), lesión focal (LF), lesión de ganglios basales (LGB), disgenesia cerebral (DC), hidrocefalia (H) y normal (N). El impacto sobre las crisis epilépticas se determinó de acuerdo con la lesión cerebral de base y con su etiología. Resultados. Los hallazgos obtenidos con la evaluación clínica y el análisis estadístico permiten afirmar que el control de las crisis epilépticas, basándose en su etiología, en los diferentes subgrupos fue: EHI: 77,9%, MC: 72%, O: 86%, sin significación estadística (p = 0,28). En la lesión cerebral encontramos: LCD: 70,7%, LF: 82,4%, LGB: 87,5%, DC: 79,3%, H: 77,8%, N: 83,3%, con significación estadística en este subgrupo (p < 0,04). Conclusión. El tipo de lesión cerebral en niños con PCI tiene un valor pronóstico en el control de epilepsia independientemente de su etiología


Introduction. Epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy is a very important problem of public health, with a prevalence 750/1,000. Aim. To describe the relationship between cerebral palsy-etiologies and the cerebral injuries in the epilepsy control. Patients and methods. Retrospective study included 398 subjects, both genders, subjects under 18 years old with evidence of epilepsy related to infantile cerebral palsy (ICP). For comparison analysis purposes the entire population was studied on two principally aspects: ICP based on its etiology, and ICP based on cerebral injury background by means of computer tomography (CT). The etiology was subdivided into: hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), cerebral malformation (CM), and others causes (O). Cerebral lesions were classified into: diffuse cerebral injury (DCI), focal location injury (FLI), basal ganglia injury (BGI), cerebral dysgenesia (CD), hydrocephaly (H) and non-CT evidence (N). The impact of the epileptic seizures was determined according to the cerebral injury background and its etiology. Results. The findings after clinical surveillance and statistical analysis were able to affirm that seizures control with respect to etiology was: HIE: 77.9%, CM: 72%, O: 86% without statistical significance (p = 0.28). We found in the cerebral lesion: DCI: 70.7 %, FLI: 82.4%, BGI: 87.5%, CD: 79.3%, H: 77.8%, N: 83.3%, statistical significance was found in these subgroups (p < 0.04). Conclusion. Cerebral injury in children suffering from cerebral has a prognostic reliance value in the control of epilepsy, regardless its etiology


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Paralisia Cerebral/complicações , Paralisia Cerebral/etiologia , Epilepsia/complicações , Prognóstico , Convulsões/prevenção & controle , Estudos Retrospectivos , Paralisia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/epidemiologia , Tomografia , Prevalência , Lesão Encefálica Crônica/classificação , Lesão Encefálica Crônica/etiologia
14.
Science ; 273(5278): 1093-6, 1996 Aug 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8688093

RESUMO

X-ray lasers (XRLs) have experimental average gains that are significantly less than calculated values and a persistently low level of spatial coherence. An XRL has been used both as an injected signal to a short XRL amplifier and as an interferometer beam to measure two-dimensional local gain and density profiles of the XRL plasma with a resolution near 1 micrometer. The measured local gain is in agreement with atomic models but is unexpectedly spatially inhomogeneous. This inhomogeneity is responsible for the low level of spatial coherence observed and helps explain the disparity between observed and simulated gains.

18.
Phys Rev Lett ; 74(17): 3376-3379, 1995 Apr 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10058185
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Phys Rev A ; 48(6): 4682-4685, 1993 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9910176
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Phys Rev Lett ; 70(24): 3713-3716, 1993 Jun 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10053943
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